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1.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 13(4): 510-517, Oct.-Dec. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-770491

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To determine the presence of glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular matrix of connective tissue from neoplastic and non-neoplastic colorectal tissues, since it has a central role in tumor development and progression. Methods Tissue samples from neoplastic and non-neoplastic colorectal tissues were obtained from 64 operated patients who had colorectal carcinoma with no distant metastases. Expressions of heparan sulphate, chondroitin sulphate, dermatan sulphate and their fragments were analyzed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, with the technique for extraction and quantification of glycosaminoglycans after proteolysis and electrophoresis. The statistical analysis included mean, standard deviation, and Student’st test. Results The glycosaminoglycans extracted from colorectal tissue showed three electrophoretic bands in agarose gel. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry showed characteristic disaccharide fragments from glycosaminoglycans, indicating their structural characterization in the tissues analyzed. Some peaks in the electrospray ionization mass spectrometry were not characterized as fragments of sugars, indicating the presence of fragments of the protein structure of proteoglycans generated during the glycosaminoglycan purification. The average amount of chondroitin and dermatan increased in the neoplastic tissue compared to normal tissue (p=0.01). On the other hand, the average amount of heparan decreased in the neoplastic tissue compared to normal tissue (p= 0.03). Conclusion The method allowed the determination of the glycosaminoglycans structural profile in colorectal tissue from neoplastic and non-neoplastic colorectal tissue. Neoplastic tissues showed greater amounts of chondroitin sulphate and dermatan sulphate compared to non-neoplastic tissues, while heparan sulphate was decreased in neoplastic tissues.


RESUMO Objetivo Determinar a presença de glicosaminoglicanos na matriz extracelular do tecido conjuntivo colorretal neoplásico e não neoplásico, tendo em vista seu papel central no desenvolvimento e na progressão dos tumores. Métodos Amostras de tecidos colorretais neoplásicos e não neoplásicos foram obtidas de 64 pacientes operados com carcinoma colorretal sem metástases a distância. As expressões de heparan sulfato, sulfato de condroitina e sulfato de dermatan e seus fragmentos foram analisadas por espectrometria de massa por ionização por electrospray, com técnica de extração e quantificação de glicosaminoglicanos após proteólise e eletroforese. Para análise estatística, utilizaram-se média, desvio padrão e teste t de Student. Resultados Em gel de agarose, os glicosaminoglicanos extraídos de tecido colorretal mostraram três bandas eletroforéticas. A espectrometria de massa por ionização por electrospray mostrou fragmentos de dissacarídeos característicos de glicosaminoglicanos e indicou sua característica estrutural. Alguns picos na espectrometria de massa por ionização por electrospray não foram caracterizados como fragmentos de açúcares, sugerindo a presença de fragmentos de proteínas estruturais dos proteoglicanos, formadas durante a purificação dos glicosaminoglicanos. A quantidade média de condroitina e dermatan aumentou no tecido neoplástico em relação ao tecido normal (p=0,01). Por outro lado, a quantidade média de heparan foi menor no tecido neoplásico em relação ao tecido normal (p=0,03). Conclusão O método empregado permitiu determinar o perfil estrutural dos glicosaminoglicanos nas amostras. Tecidos neoplásicos apresentaram maiores quantidades de sulfato de condroitina e sulfato de dermatan em comparação com os não neoplásicos, enquanto o sulfato de heparan foi encontrado em menores quantidades nos tecidos neoplásicos.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Carcinoma/chemistry , Colorectal Neoplasms/chemistry , Extracellular Matrix/chemistry , Glycomics/methods , Glycosaminoglycans/analysis , Carcinoma/pathology , Chondroitin Sulfates/analysis , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Connective Tissue/chemistry , Disease Progression , Dermatan Sulfate/analysis , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Heparitin Sulfate/analysis , Mucous Membrane/metabolism , Proteolysis , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
2.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 38(3): 167-171, maio-jun. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-593967

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Comparar a quantidade do glicosaminoglicano dermatam sulfato entre pacientes homens, portadores de hérnia inguinal tipo II de Nyhus e, indivíduos sem hérnia inguinal, com idade entre 20 e 40 anos. MÉTODOS: Foram constituídos dois grupos. Um de 15 pacientes do sexo masculino com hérnia inguinal tipo II de Nyhus e idade entre 20 e 40 anos, com risco ASA I e II, e um grupo controle com dez indivíduos, também do sexo masculino entre 20 e 40 anos, que morreram em período de até 24 h. Foram excluídos os pacientes do sexo feminino, diabéticos, portadores de doença do tecido conjuntivo, tabagistas e com risco cirúrgico ASA III e IV. Foi retirada uma amostra de 1cm² da fáscia transversal na parte intermediária do trígono inguinal, e 1cm² na bainha anterior do músculo reto abdominal na região inguinal correspondente e quantificados os glicosaminoglicanos dermatam sulfato por densitometria, após eletroforese em gel de agarose. RESULTADOS: A quantidade de dermatam sulfato não apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante entre os pacientes com hérnia inguinal e os indivíduos sem hérnia inguinal, tanto na fáscia transversal (p=0,108) quanto na bainha anterior do músculo reto abdominal (p=0,292). CONCLUSÃO: Não se encontrou diferença na quantidade do glicosaminoglicano dermatam sulfato entre os pacientes portadores de hérnia inguinal tipo II de Nyhus e indivíduos sem hérnia inguinal em homens adultos.


OBJECTIVE: To compare the amount of the dermatan sulfate glycosaminoglycan between male patients with Nyhus type II inguinal hernias and subjects without inguinal hernia, aged between 20 and 40 years. METHODS: Two groups were formed: One with 15 male patients with Nyhus type II inguinal hernia and aged between 20 and 40 years with ASA risk I and II, and a control group of ten individuals, also males between 20 and 40, who had died up to 24 h before. We excluded female patients, diabetic patients with connective tissue disease, smokers and surgical risk ASA III and IV. We resected a sample of 1 cm² of the transversalis fascia in the middle of the inguinal trigone, and 1 cm² of the anterior sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle in the groin for the quantification of dermatan sulfate glycosaminoglycans by densitometry after agarose gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: The amount of dermatan sulfate showed no statistically significant difference between patients with inguinal hernia and individuals without inguinal hernia in both the transverse fascia (p = 0.108) and anterior sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle (p = 0.292). CONCLUSION: There was no difference in the amount of the dermatan sulfate glycosaminoglycan among patients with Nyhus type II inguinal hernias and subjects without inguinal hernia in adult males.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Dermatan Sulfate/analysis , Fascia/chemistry , Hernia, Inguinal/classification , Rectus Abdominis/chemistry
3.
Clinics ; 65(7): 703-708, 2010. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-555502

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the amount of glycosaminoglycans in the uterine cervix during each phase of the rat estrous cycle. DESIGN: Based on vaginal smears, forty female, regularly cycling rats were divided into four groups (n = 10 for each group): GI - proestrous, GII - estrous, GIII - metaestrous and GIV - diestrous. Animals were sacrificed at each phase of the cycle, and the cervix was immediately removed and submitted to biochemical extraction and determination of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and hyaluronic acid. The results were analyzed by ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni post-hoc test. RESULTS: The uterine cervix had the highest amount of total sulfated glycosaminoglycans and dermatan sulfate during the estrous phase (8.90 ± 0.55 mg/g of cetonic extract, p<0.001; and 8.86 ± 0.57 mg/g of cetonic extract, p<0.001). In addition, there was more heparan sulfate at the cervix during the proestrous phase (0.185 ± 0.03 mg/g of cetonic extract) than during any other phase (p<0.001). There were no significant changes in the concentration of hyaluronic acid in the uterine cervix during the estrous cycle. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the amount of total sulfated glycosaminoglycans may be influenced by hormonal fluctuations related to the estrous cycle, with dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate being the glycosaminoglycans most sensitive to hormonal change.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Cervix Uteri/chemistry , Estrous Cycle/physiology , Glycosaminoglycans/analysis , Adjuvants, Immunologic/analysis , Dermatan Sulfate/analysis , Glycosaminoglycans/biosynthesis , Heparitin Sulfate/analysis , Hyaluronic Acid/analysis , Rats, Wistar , Time Factors
4.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 54(2): 173-177, mar.-abr. 2008. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-482911

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Caracterizar e quantificar os subtipos de glicosaminoglicanos sulfatados (GAGs) existentes no tecido peri-uretral de pacientes com e sem prolapso genital. METODOS: Foram incluídas 35 pacientes que se submeteram a cirurgia vaginal para correção de distopias genitais e/ou incontinência urinária de esforço ou por outra condição benigna. As pacientes foram avaliadas por anamnese padronizada, exame físico e urodinâmico e agrupadas segundo a existência do prolapso genital. Durante o procedimento cirúrgico, amostras de aproximadamente 1,0 x 1,0 cm do tecido periuretral foram retiradas para avaliação. Os GAGs foram extraídos do tecido por proteólise e precipitação por ácido tricloroacético e caracterizados por eletroforese em gel de agarose. A quantificação foi feita por meio de densitometria a 525 nm do gel corado com azul de toluidina. Compararam-se os dados pela análise de variância (ANOVA). RESULTADOS: Nos grupos estudados, houve maior predomínio de dermatam sulfato (DS), em torno de 85 por cento do total de GAGs, seguido do condroitim sulfato (CS) e do heparam sulfato (HS). Observou-se aumento significativo dos GAGs totais, do DS e do HS em mulheres com prolapso genital. Não se observou diferença significante com relação ao CS. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo demonstrou diferenças na matriz extracelular do tecido periuretral com aumento de GAGs totais, DS e HS nas mulheres com prolapso genital.


OBJECTIVE: To characterize and quantify periurethral tissue sulphated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in women with and without pelvic organ prolapse. STUDY DESIGN: Periurethral tissue was obtained from 35 women who underwent surgery for pelvic organ prolapse, for stress urinary incontinence, or for other gynecological benign conditions. Patients were submitted to a clinical history, physical and urodynamic examination and were divided in two groups according to genital prolapse. The standard biopsy with 1.0 x 1.0 cm was taken from periurethral tissue during surgery and assessed by biochemical methods. The GAGs were obtained by proteolysis and precipitated by trichloroacetic acid. The relative concentration of sulfated GAGs was determined by densitometry of toluidine blue stained gel using a spectrophotometer with a 525 nm wavelength. Data were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS: In the two groups dermatan sulphate (DS) was the predominant glycosaminoglycan (85 percent), followed by chondroitin sulphate (CS) and heparan sulphate (HS). Women with pelvic organ prolapse had significantly more total GAGs, DS and HS. Differences in CS were not observed. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed altered biochemical characteristics in the extracellular matrix of periurethral tissue and also accumulation of GAGs, DS and CS, in women with pelvic organ prolapse.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Glycosaminoglycans/analysis , Urethra/chemistry , Urinary Incontinence, Stress/metabolism , Uterine Prolapse/metabolism , Analysis of Variance , Chondroitin Sulfates/analysis , Chondroitin Sulfates/metabolism , Dermatan Sulfate/analysis , Dermatan Sulfate/metabolism , Glycosaminoglycans/metabolism , Urethra/metabolism , Urinary Incontinence, Stress/pathology , Urinary Incontinence, Stress/surgery , Uterine Prolapse/pathology , Uterine Prolapse/surgery , Young Adult
5.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 34(5): 633-637, May 2001. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-285866

ABSTRACT

In many tumors, the amount of chondroitin sulfate in the extracellular matrix has been shown to be elevated when compared to the corresponding normal tissue. Nevertheless, the degree of chondroitin sulfate increase varies widely. In order to investigate a possible correlation between the amount of chondroitin sulfate and tumor size, several individual specimens of human leiomyoma, a benign uterine tumor, were analyzed. The glycosaminoglycans from eight tumors were extracted and compared with those from the respective adjacent normal myometrium. The main glycosaminoglycan found in normal myometrium was dermatan sulfate, with small amounts of chondroitin sulfate and heparan sulfate. In leiomyoma, both dermatan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate were detected and the total amounts of the two galactosaminoglycans was increased in all tumors when compared to normal tissue. In contrast, the heparan sulfate concentration decreased in the tumor. To assess the disaccharide composition of galactosaminoglycans, these compounds were incubated with bacterial chondroitinases AC and ABC. The amounts of L-iduronic acid-containing disaccharides remained constant, whereas the concentration of D-glucuronic acid-containing disaccharides increased from 2 to 10 times in the tumor, indicating that D-glucuronic acid-containing disaccharides are responsible for the elevation in galactosaminoglycan concentration. This increase is positively correlated with tumor size


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Glycosaminoglycans/analysis , Leiomyoma/chemistry , Myometrium/chemistry , Uterine Neoplasms/chemistry , Chondroitin Sulfates/analysis , Chondroitin Sulfates/metabolism , Densitometry , Dermatan Sulfate/analysis , Dermatan Sulfate/metabolism , Leiomyoma/metabolism , Leiomyoma/pathology , Myometrium/metabolism , Polysaccharides/analysis , Uterine Neoplasms/metabolism , Uterine Neoplasms/pathology
7.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 49(5): 283-288, nov. 1987. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-47037

ABSTRACT

Inexistindo investigaçöes no homen (in vivo), sobre eventuais relaçöes entre o GAG (glicosaminoglicanos) da parede arterial e a variaçäo das fraçöes lipídicas do sangue circulante, a presente pesquisa foi planejada utilizando fragmentos da aorta obtidos na abertura do óstio para implante da veia safena na cirurgia de revascularizaçäo do miocárdio, e os valores de diferentes variáveis lípidicas sangüíneas, dosadas na mesma oportunidade em 25 pacientes. GAG totais e condroitin 6-sulfato (C 6-S), condroitin 4-sulfato (C 4-S), dermatan sulfato (DS) e heparan sulfato (HS) obtidos em grupos de indivíduos normolipidémicos foram comparados com os correspondentes hipercolesterolêmicos, hipertrigliceridémicos ou hipoalfacolesterolémicos (HDL-C inferior a 35 mg/dl). Correlaçöes eventuais dos valores de GAG e das suas fraçöes com os valores das diversas variáveis lipídicas foram também investigadas. Os resultados permitiram as seguintes conclusöes: 1) os valores da média dos GAC totais e das suas diferentes fraçöes, em grupo normocolesterolêmico, näo diferiram significativamente dos outros 3 grupos; 2) valores dos GAG totais e das suas fraçöes näo se correlacionaram significativamente com os valores das diferentes variáveis, com exceçäo de: a) DS com valores absolutos de betalipoproteínas; b) C 6-S com valores de (LDL-C) colesterol ligado a lipoproteína de baixa densidade e com os valores absolutos das betalipoproteínas. As significativas correlaçöes permitem levantar a hipótes de que num pequeno número de casos a variaçäo de DS, e de C 6-S tem alguma relaçäo com os valores de LDL-C mas a presença de dislipidemia primária näo representou condiçäo significativa para alterar os níveis de GAG na parede da aorta torácica


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Aorta/analysis , Glycosaminoglycans/analysis , Lipids/blood , Myocardial Revascularization , Chondroitin Sulfates/analysis , Dermatan Sulfate/analysis , Electrophoresis, Agar Gel , Heparitin Sulfate/analysis , Cholesterol, LDL/blood , Lipoproteins, VLDL/blood
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